I. What Is the 3-Meter Stacking Test?

The 3-meter stacking test is a performance test that simulates the static stacking pressure a transport package endures in warehousing environments. It primarily evaluates the package’s compressive strength and its ability to protect contents when bearing static loads from above during transportation and storage.

For the lithium battery industry, this test holds special significance. According to the 64th edition of the Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) released by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), effective January 1, 2023, all lithium battery packages transported under PI965 IB and PI968 IB clauses must pass the 3-meter stacking test to obtain air transport approval. This requirement was further expanded to more package types in the 2024 IATA DGR 65th edition.

II. Test Standards & Applicable Scope

Key Applicable Standards

• ISO 2234 Packaging – Complete, Filled Transport Packages – Static Stacking Test
• GB/T 4857.3 Packaging – Transport Packages – Static Load Stacking Test Method
• IATA DGR 64th Edition (2023) and subsequent versions

Applicable Scope

The 3-meter stacking test mainly applies to lithium battery air transport packages, especially the following categories:

• PI965 Section IB (Lithium-ion batteries transported alone: cells <20Wh, battery packs <100Wh)
• PI968 Section IB (Lithium metal batteries transported alone: cells <1g lithium, battery packs <2g lithium)
• Newly added package types in 2024, such as PI966-II and PI967-I/II

Important Note: This test only applies to lithium battery packages for air transport; it is not required for sea transport.

III. Test Requirements & Process

Test Requirements

The package must continuously bear a load equivalent to the total weight of identical packages (including test samples) stacked to a height of 3 meters on its top surface for 24 hours. After the test, the following conditions must be met:

• No damage to battery cells/packs
• No leakage, deformation, or damage to the package that reduces its protective performance
• Paper/fiberboard packages must undergo pre-treatment by being placed in a specified temperature and humidity environment for at least 24 hours

Test Process

1. Sample Preparation: Provide 3 complete packaged samples (including batteries).
2. Parameter Measurement: Measure the dimensions and weight of each package.
3. Load Calculation: Calculate the required stacking load using the formula:Stacking load (P) = (H/h) × m
   • H ≥ 3m (stacking height)
   • h = height of a single package
   • m = single gross weight
4. Load Application: Use stacking test equipment to apply the calculated load for 24 hours.
5. Result Evaluation: Inspect the integrity of packages and batteries, and record test results.

IV. Test Equipment & Methods

Required Professional Equipment

• Electric/hydraulic pressure testing machine
• Specialized stacking test platform (with level adjustment and anti-slip design)
• Deformation measurement system (laser displacement sensor or high-precision encoder)
• Environmental pre-treatment chamber (for temperature and humidity adjustment)

Test Methods

Strictly follow international and national standard procedures:

1. Sample Pre-treatment: Equilibrate samples for 24 hours under specific temperature and humidity in accordance with GB/T 4857.2.
2. Static Stacking Test: Apply the predetermined load and maintain it for over 24 hours.
3. Deformation Monitoring & Recording: Track and document deformation data.
4. Result Analysis & Report Generation: Analyze data and compile a formal test report.

V. Importance & Necessity

The 3-meter stacking test is crucial for lithium battery manufacturers, as it directly determines whether products can be exported by air. Airlines will refuse to accept lithium battery packages that fail this test.

Additionally, the test helps enterprises:

• Evaluate the rationality of packaging design: Ensure packages do not deform or damage under stacking pressure.
• Safeguard battery transport safety: Prevent safety hazards such as battery short circuits and leakage caused by packaging damage.
• Meet international regulatory requirements: Comply with IATA DGR and other international transport standards.
• Reduce supply chain risks: Avoid transport delays and economic losses due to packaging issues.

Our 3-Meter Stacking Test Services

As a professional testing and certification institution, we provide comprehensive and efficient 3-meter stacking test services for our clients:

Service Advantages

• Professional Qualifications: Laboratory holds CMA and CNAS accreditation, ensuring internationally credible test reports.
• Expert Team: Experienced technical team proficient in IATA DGR and other international transport regulations.
• Advanced Equipment: Equipped with high-precision stacking test equipment for accurate and reliable results.
• Rapid Response: Offer efficient testing services to shorten certification cycles.

Service Process

1. Consultation & Requirement Confirmation
2. Sample Submission & Agreement Signing
3. Test Execution & Progress Tracking
4. Report Compilation & Review
5. Report Delivery & Follow-up Support

We are committed to providing professional and reliable 3-meter stacking test solutions, ensuring your lithium battery products successfully pass air transport certification and access global markets smoothly.

The 3-meter stacking test is an indispensable safety test for lithium battery air transport. With increasingly strict international transport regulations, ensuring products pass this test has become an inevitable choice for lithium battery enterprises. Choosing a professional testing partner not only guarantees accurate and compliant testing but also saves time and costs, enhancing market competitiveness.

If you have any questions about the 3-meter stacking test or need related services, please feel free to contact us! Our professional team will provide detailed technical consultation and personalized solutions.